![]() ![]() ![]() The effectiveness of STS as a cardioprotective agent was attributed to the reduction of apoptosis by binding to the active site of caspase-3 in silico, which was substantiated by the reduced expression of caspase-3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase levels. Moreover, STS was assumed to play a vital role in on ischemia reperfusion injury (IR). Sodium thiosulfate renders renal protection by modulating the mitochondrial KATP channel for preventing urolithiasis. Sodium thiosulfate is used as treatment due to its antioxidant activity and as a chelating. Calciphylaxis is vasculopathy characterized by ischemia and painful skin necrosis due to calcification and intimal fibroplasia of thrombosis of the panicular arterioles. In addition, Sodium thiosulfate is used in calciphylaxis in hemodialysis patients with end-stage kidney disease. Sodium thiosulfate is thought to serve as a sulfur donor in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme rhodanese, thus enhancing the endogenous detoxification of cyanide. The primary route of endogenous cyanide detoxification is by enzymatic transulfuration to thiocyanate (SCN- ), which is relatively nontoxic and readily excreted in the urine. The US standard cyanide antidotekit uses a small inhaled dose of amyl nitrite followed by IV sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate (Anon, 1998 Rotenberg, 2003a). As a medication, it is used in combination with sodium nitrite under the trade name to NITHIODOTE treat cyanide poisoning. Cyanide poisoning is very rare yet very sinister. Sodium thiosulfate (sodium thiosulphate/STS) is a chemical and medication. Sodium thiosulphate (Na 2 S 2 O 3) is considered one of the most important medicines in the health system because of its ability to treat rare diseases, like pityriasis versicolour, calciphylaxis and, most famously, cyanide poisoning.
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